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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus RSV Micro-neutralization Assay
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Pediatric RSV-Protection and Social Risk in Three Academic Primary Care Centers.

Mary Carol Burkhardt1, Melissa E Day2, Anne K Jackson3

  • 1Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Academic Pediatrics
|February 16, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) protection increased in infants during the 2023-24 and 2024-25 seasons. Infants with positive social risk factors were more likely to receive RSV protection, indicating potential for equitable health outcomes.

Keywords:
nirsevimabpediatricsprimary health carerespiratory syncytial virus infectionsrespiratory syncytial virus vaccinessocial determinants of health

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) poses a significant health burden on infants.
  • The availability of RSV therapeutics presents an opportunity to improve protection rates.
  • Understanding disparities in access to preventative measures is crucial for equitable health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between social risk and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) protection in infants.
  • To analyze trends in RSV protection and its relationship with social determinants of health during the 2023-24 and 2024-25 seasons.
  • To assess the impact of novel RSV therapeutics on equitable protection among diverse infant populations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study utilizing electronic health records from three pediatric primary care practices.
  • Inclusion criteria: infants under 8 months during RSV seasons, with documented RSV protection status (nirsevimab or maternal vaccination).
  • Statistical analysis included Chi-squared tests and multivariable logistic regression to assess associations between social risk, sociodemographic factors, and RSV protection.

Main Results:

  • RSV protection increased from 47.7% in 2023-24 to 60.5% in 2024-25 (p<0.001).
  • Infants with positive social risk screens were more likely to receive RSV protection in both seasons (p=0.018 in 2023-24; p=0.007 in 2024-25).
  • After adjustment, positive social risk remained associated with higher odds of RSV protection (OR 1.25-1.36).

Conclusions:

  • RSV protection rates significantly improved between the 2023-24 and 2024-25 seasons.
  • Social risk factors were positively associated with receiving RSV protection, suggesting these therapeutics may be reaching vulnerable populations.
  • These findings support the potential for novel RSV therapeutics to promote more equitable health outcomes.