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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

A Novel High-resolution In vivo Imaging Technique to Study the Dynamic Response of Intracranial Structures to Tumor Growth and Therapeutics
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Trinuclear Heptamethine Dyes for Shortwave Infrared In Vivo Imaging.

Cesar A Garcia1, Eric Y Lin1, Emily B Mobley1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|February 17, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New trinuclear polymethine dyes (PMDs) show enhanced performance for in vivo near-infrared imaging. These advanced PMDs efficiently label lymph nodes in mice, outperforming older dinuclear dye designs.

Keywords:
fluorescent probesimaging agentsnear infraredpolymethine dyesshortwave infrared

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Photophysics

Background:

  • Polymethine dyes (PMDs) are crucial fluorescent probes for biomedical imaging.
  • Dinuclear PMDs are established scaffolds for near-infrared (NIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) in vivo imaging.
  • Trinuclear PMDs offer potential for improved imaging but remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel trinuclear PMDs based on flavylium and chromenylium scaffolds.
  • To investigate the photophysical properties of these new dyes in micelles.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of trinuclear PMDs for in vivo SWIR imaging in mice.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of novel flavylium- and chromenylium-based trinuclear heptamethine dye scaffolds using a reactive cyclopentenyl linker.
  • Photophysical characterization of the synthesized dyes, including their performance in micelles.
  • In vivo SWIR imaging studies in mice following intravenous administration.

Main Results:

  • The trinuclear scaffold imparts increased steric bulk, leading to enhanced photophysical properties in micelles compared to dinuclear counterparts.
  • The novel trinuclear PMDs exhibit efficient SWIR emission.
  • In vivo studies demonstrated high efficiency of trinuclear PMDs for lymph node labeling in mice.

Conclusions:

  • Trinuclear PMDs represent a promising advancement over dinuclear scaffolds for in vivo SWIR imaging.
  • These novel fluorophores exhibit superior performance and efficient lymph node targeting.
  • The developed trinuclear PMDs are effective tools for noninvasive biomedical imaging applications.