HDAC1 and SATB1 positively regulate immune responses in chicken macrophages

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Molecular Biology
• Avian Science

Background:

• The avian immune system is crucial for poultry health, productivity, and food safety.
• Understanding immune homeostasis in poultry is key for disease prevention and sustainable production.
• The roles of Histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) in avian immunity are largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the roles of HDAC1 and SATB1 in chicken macrophage immune responses.
• To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying avian immune regulation by HDAC1 and SATB1.

Main Methods:

• Established an in vitro chicken macrophage (HD11) model stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
• Utilized cell transfection and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to disrupt HDAC1 and SATB1.
• Performed amino-acid sequence alignment, protein complex prediction, and co-immunoprecipitation.

Main Results:

• HDAC1 and SATB1 expression and activity increased upon LPS stimulation in HD11 cells.
• Disruption of HDAC1 or SATB1 significantly attenuated LPS-induced expression of immune effectors like IFN-β, TNF-α, and IRF7.
• HDAC1 and SATB1 were found to be evolutionarily conserved and physically interact.

Conclusions:

• HDAC1 and SATB1 act synergistically to positively regulate immune responses in chicken macrophages.
• This study provides novel insights into avian immune regulation mechanisms.
• Findings lay the groundwork for developing immune enhancers and breeding strategies for disease resistance in poultry.