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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 5, 2026

Testing the Efficacy of Pharmacological Agents in a Pericardial Target Delivery Model in the Swine

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Published on: July 7, 2016

Epicardial Sinus Node Modification Using 5% Dextrose Insulation to Prevent Phrenic Nerve Injury: A Case Report.

Mehmet Özgeyik¹, Ramazan Anıl Eşki², Özge Turgay Yıldırım¹

¹Ministry of Health Eskisehir City Hospital, Eskişehir, Turkey.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE

|February 18, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel technique using 5% dextrose in water (D5W) as an epicardial insulating medium successfully protected the phrenic nerve during sinus node modification for inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST). This approach enabled safe radiofrequency delivery, reducing phrenic nerve injury risk.

Area of Science:

Electrophysiology
Cardiovascular Medicine
Minimally Invasive Procedures

Background:

Drug-refractory inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) treatment is limited by phrenic nerve injury risk during sinus node modification, especially near the high right atrium and superior vena cava.

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Effective phrenic nerve insulation during epicardial ablation remains a significant challenge.