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Patient-specific 3D-Printed jigs for high tibial osteotomy: a preclinical simulation study using affordable 3D
Kunal Verma1,2, Shagun Sharma3, Chander Sen4
1Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh (UT), India.
Objectives:
Patient-specific 3D-printed jigs improve surgical outcomes, yet their use in high tibial osteotomy (HTO) lacks widespread acceptance due to cost-related scepticism and workflow adaptation challenges. This work aims to facilitate the adoption of 3D printed patient-specific instrumentation by demonstrating the precision of jigs produced using affordable resin 3D printing.
Methods:
Full-length tibial CT scans were used for 3D modelling, virtual HTO planning and designing of patient-specific jigs. The jigs were 3D printed using a ∼$550 resin printer, whereas the bones were printed in a ∼$600 filament printer. Achieved vs. planned corrections were compared using the 3D scanning superimposition method. Accuracy was assessed with paired t-tests, Bland-Altman plots, linear regression, and two one-sided t-tests (TOST).
Results:
For Medial Proximal Tibial Angle (MPTA), the mean error was -0.05° ± 1.32° with no systematic bias (p=0.912), whereas for Posterior Proximal Tibial Angle (PPTA), it was 0.57° ± 0.38°, having a significant over-correction (p=0.004). Strong to excellent correlations were observed (R2: 0.77 for MPTA, 0.99 for PPTA). Corrections were equivalent within ±1° (TOST: p=0.042 and p=0.007).
Conclusions:
Affordable 3D-printed jigs could achieve acceptable corrections in a preclinical simulation setting, offering cost-effective preoperative planning and surgical training.
