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Related Concept Videos

Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

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Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

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DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
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Hemodialysis III: Nursing Management01:25

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The nursing management of a patient undergoing hemodialysis includes several critical steps, starting with a thorough assessment before the procedure.Before the Hemodialysis ProcedureFirst, record the patient's vital signs—blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature—to establish a baseline. This baseline is essential for detecting conditions such as hypotension that could impact the patient's response to dialysis. Document the patient's pre-dialysis weight, as this...
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Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

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Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
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Dialysis01:15

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Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications01:25

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

A Murine Model of Hemodialysis Access-Related Hand Dysfunction
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Access-Related Hand Dysfunction After Hemodialysis Access Placement.

Kyoungrae Kim1, Trace Thome1, Lauren Stone1

  • 1Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.

Kidney International Reports
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hemodialysis access surgery causes hand dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), leading to muscle atrophy and increased access failure. Early interventions are crucial for better outcomes.

Keywords:
access failurechronic kidney diseaseend-stage kidney diseasehand dysfunctionhemodialysis accessmuscle atrophy

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Creating Radio-cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula in the Forearm with a Modified No-Touch Technique
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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Musculoskeletal Research

Background:

  • Access-related hand dysfunction (ARHD) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) after hemodialysis access placement.
  • ARHD negatively impacts clinical outcomes and quality of life, but its underlying mechanisms and effect on access maturation are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of ARHD following hemodialysis access surgery.
  • To evaluate the impact of ARHD on dialysis access maturation failure.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study of 39 CKD/ESKD patients undergoing hemodialysis access surgery.
  • Preoperative and 6-week postoperative functional assessments (grip strength, finger pressure, disability, dexterity, sensation).
  • Brachioradialis muscle biopsy analysis (morphology, mitochondrial function, transcriptomics) and 6-month access maturation follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Six weeks post-surgery, patients showed significant declines in grip strength (13.5%), finger pressure (30.6 mm Hg), and increased limb disability.
  • Muscle histology revealed myofiber atrophy (12% reduction) correlated with grip strength loss.
  • Mitochondrial content increased, inversely correlated with finger pressure; transcriptomics showed altered myofiber development genes.
  • ARHD was associated with a ~20% higher incidence of unassisted maturation failure at 6 months.

Conclusions:

  • Hemodialysis access surgery leads to ARHD in CKD/ESKD patients, characterized by muscle atrophy and altered gene expression.
  • ARHD is linked to increased dialysis access maturation failure.
  • Findings highlight the need for early identification and targeted interventions to prevent ARHD and improve surgical outcomes.