Psychological Effects and Perspectives in Patients With ICD Implantation: A Deep Insight From Resource-Limited...

The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is an intervention for patients with cardiac abnormalities, serving as both a primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death. However, reduced quality of life and adverse psychological effects have been reported. This qualitative study aims to gain further insights into the perspectives and psychological impacts of living with an ICD.

A comprehensive interview was conducted with 15 participants who were selected from a follow-up clinic. The interviews were subjected to qualitative descriptive analysis, and verbatim transcripts were coded and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Through this process, five main themes emerged from the data: (i) Shock experiences and concerns regarding receiving shock, (ii) lack of concern about receiving shock, (iii) changes in health and quality of life after implantation, (iv) expectations from implantation, and (v) follow-up program as a concern reliever. Overall, this qualitative study provided valuable insights into the experiences, perspectives, and psychological effects of living with an ICD. Remarkably, the majority of participants demonstrate a lack of concern about getting shocked from an ICD. The investigation revealed additional concerns associated with the device, highlighting that these concerns can vary among individuals. Additionally, the follow-up program for individuals with ICDs should prioritize enhancing quality of life and supporting mental well-being, rather than focusing solely on the function of the device. General questions to screen for anxiety and depression triggered by device implantation should be conducted in every setting.