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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Language and Cognition01:27

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Environmental Influences on Intelligence01:29

Environmental Influences on Intelligence

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Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
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Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
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Biological Influences on Intelligence01:30

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Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
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Using the Visual World Paradigm to Study Sentence Comprehension in Mandarin-Speaking Children with Autism
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Risk Factors for Children's Vocabulary Performance: Background Variables and Parental Concerns.

Lina Hashoul-Essa1, Sharon Armon-Lotem2

  • 1The English Literature and Linguistics Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.

International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parental concerns are strong predictors of language development in Arabic-speaking children. Early language milestones like word combinations help identify those at risk for delays.

Keywords:
language acquisitionpalestinian arabicparental concerns

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Area of Science:

  • Child development
  • Linguistic research
  • Developmental psychology

Background:

  • Parental concerns are valid indicators for early detection of developmental language disorder (DLD).
  • Early language milestones and risk factors across biological, developmental, and social domains influence language acquisition.
  • Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) are effective tools for assessing vocabulary development across languages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate vocabulary performance differences in Arabic-speaking children aged 18–36 months.
  • To analyze the influence of biological, developmental, and social/environmental factors on language development.
  • To examine how parental concerns impact vocabulary performance and identify predictive patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Data collected from 874 parents of Palestinian Arabic-speaking children (18–36 months) via an online Palestinian Arabic Communicative Development Inventory (PA-CDI).
  • A background questionnaire gathered information on five potential risk factors.
  • Statistical analysis examined correlations between risk factors, parental concerns, and vocabulary performance.

Main Results:

  • Children with parental concerns showed significantly lower vocabulary performance.
  • Parental concerns were the strongest predictor of vocabulary performance, explaining 27.2% of variance.
  • Onset of speaking predicted performance in children without concerns, while word combination abilities were key for those with concerns.

Conclusions:

  • Parental concerns are crucial indicators of potential language difficulties in Arabic-speaking children.
  • Early language milestones, especially word combination abilities, are vital for identifying children with persistent language delays.
  • The PA-CDI and background variables offer a promising clinical tool for early identification of language delays in this population.