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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

High-Resolution Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Small Animals

High-Resolution Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for Small Animals

Published on: December 16, 2022

Practice Pattern Changes After Adoption Of Diagnostic AI Tool Used In Conjunction With Cardiac Imaging.

Anna Zink¹, Michael E Chernew², Hannah T Neprash³

¹Anna Zink (anna.zink@tufts.edu), Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts.

Health Affairs (Project Hope)

|February 18, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Medicare coverage of artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiac imaging, specifically computed tomography fractional flow reserve (FFCT), led to increased diagnostic spending but also improved clinician productivity and reduced adverse cardiac events.

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Assessing Cardiac Reprogramming using High Content Imaging Analysis

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Published on: October 26, 2020

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Medical Imaging
Health Economics

Background:

Medicare introduced reimbursement for artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiac diagnostics in 2018.
Computed tomography fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) is an AI-driven tool for diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD).

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of FFRCT adoption on clinical practice patterns, healthcare spending, and patient outcomes.
To analyze changes in diagnostic test utilization, clinician productivity, and adverse cardiac events post-FFRCT adoption.

Main Methods:

Quasi-experimental study design comparing clinicians before and after FFRCT adoption.
Analysis of Medicare reimbursement data and clinical practice patterns.
Comparison of FFRCT adopters versus non-adopters.

Main Results:

FFRCT adoption increased the use of non-invasive CAD tests while decreasing invasive procedures.
Overall per-patient diagnostic spending for CAD increased post-adoption.
Clinician productivity rose, with no evidence of earlier CAD diagnosis, but a decrease in cardiac-related adverse events was observed.

Conclusions:

FFRCT adoption by clinicians is associated with shifts in diagnostic test utilization and increased spending.
While not accelerating diagnosis, FFRCT adoption may improve patient outcomes by reducing adverse cardiac events and enhancing clinician efficiency.