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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Influence of Hybrid Perovskite Fabrication Methods on Film Formation, Electronic Structure, and Solar Cell Performance
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Multiple-Site Interface Modification with 3,4,5-Trifluorobenzoic Acid for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar

Lingmin Liu1, Biqi He1, Haoyu Cai1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.

Chemsuschem
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Surface modification with 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid (TFBA) effectively reduces defects in perovskite solar cells. This strategy enhances power conversion efficiency and operational stability for next-generation photovoltaics.

Keywords:
3,4,5‐Trifluorobenzoic aciddefect passivationinterfacial regulationoperational stabilityperovskite solar cells

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Metal halide perovskites offer excellent optoelectronic properties for solar cells.
  • Interfacial defects at the perovskite/electron transport layer cause charge recombination, limiting device efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address interfacial defects and improve energy-level alignment in perovskite solar cells.
  • To enhance the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells through surface modification.

Main Methods:

  • Employed a multiple-site surface modification strategy using 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid (TFBA).
  • TFBA was anchored to the perovskite surface via carboxyl coordination and hydrogen bonding.
  • Investigated the impact of TFBA on trap-state density, nonradiative recombination, and band bending.

Main Results:

  • TFBA significantly reduced trap-state density and nonradiative recombination.
  • The modification induced n-type band bending, optimizing electron transport and energy-level alignment.
  • Achieved a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.54%, outperforming the reference device (24.41%).
  • Demonstrated 85% of initial PCE after 1,000 hours of stability testing.

Conclusions:

  • TFBA is a highly effective surface modifier for perovskite solar cells.
  • The strategy significantly enhances device performance and operational stability.
  • This approach offers a promising pathway for advancing perovskite photovoltaic technology.