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Multiple-Site Interface Modification with 3,4,5-Trifluorobenzoic Acid for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Lingmin Liu1, Biqi He1, Haoyu Cai1
1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China.
Chemsuschem
|February 18, 2026
Summary
Surface modification with 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid (TFBA) effectively reduces defects in perovskite solar cells. This strategy enhances power conversion efficiency and operational stability for next-generation photovoltaics.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Renewable Energy
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Metal halide perovskites offer excellent optoelectronic properties for solar cells.
- Interfacial defects at the perovskite/electron transport layer cause charge recombination, limiting device efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address interfacial defects and improve energy-level alignment in perovskite solar cells.
- To enhance the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells through surface modification.
Main Methods:
- Employed a multiple-site surface modification strategy using 3,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid (TFBA).
- TFBA was anchored to the perovskite surface via carboxyl coordination and hydrogen bonding.
- Investigated the impact of TFBA on trap-state density, nonradiative recombination, and band bending.
Main Results:
- TFBA significantly reduced trap-state density and nonradiative recombination.
- The modification induced n-type band bending, optimizing electron transport and energy-level alignment.
- Achieved a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.54%, outperforming the reference device (24.41%).
- Demonstrated 85% of initial PCE after 1,000 hours of stability testing.
Conclusions:
- TFBA is a highly effective surface modifier for perovskite solar cells.
- The strategy significantly enhances device performance and operational stability.
- This approach offers a promising pathway for advancing perovskite photovoltaic technology.
