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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Studying Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model
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Second Ipsilateral Breast Cancer Event: True Recurrence, New Primary, or True Recurrence Like? : Breast Cancer Local

Nina Pujol1, Jocelyn Gal2, Mathieu Gautier1

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Antoine Lacassagne Cancer Centre, University Cote d'Azur, Nice, Cedex, France.

Annals of Surgical Oncology
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Distinguishing true recurrence from new primary breast cancer after initial treatment is crucial. This study found no significant oncologic outcome differences between true recurrence and new primary events, suggesting second breast-conserving treatment may be an option.

Keywords:
Ipsilateral breast cancer recurrenceMastectomyNew primarySecond breast conserving therapySystemic therapyTrue recurrence

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An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Spontaneous Breast Cancer Metastasis
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Breast Cancer Research
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Accurate differentiation between true recurrence (TR) and new primary (NP) breast cancer is essential after initial breast-conserving treatment (BCT).
  • Limited data exists to precisely define TR and NP in cases of a second ipsilateral breast cancer event (2nd iBCE).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze tumor histology and topography in patients with a second ipsilateral breast cancer event (2nd iBCE).
  • To compare oncologic outcomes between true recurrence (TR) and new primary (NP) breast cancer events.
  • To evaluate the potential for a second breast-conserving treatment (BCT) in cases of late true recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing a second BCT for a second iBCE.
  • Histological assessment (type, grade, hormone receptor, HER2 status) and topographical analysis of the second iBCE.
  • Comparison of oncologic outcomes including second local relapse (CI-2nd LR), distant metastasis disease (CI-DMD), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS).
  • Systematic literature review.

Main Results:

  • 113 patients were analyzed (76 TR, 37 NP) between September 2000 and January 2024.
  • The median interval between surgeries was 149.3 months; 82.3% of second iBCEs occurred distant from the first.
  • No significant differences in oncologic outcomes (CI-2nd LR, CI-DMD, DFS, OS) were observed between TR and NP groups.

Conclusions:

  • The distinction between true recurrence (TR) and new primary (NP) based on histology and topography may not dictate different therapeutic approaches.
  • A second breast-conserving treatment (BCT) could be considered for patients with late true recurrence who wish to preserve their breast.