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Core sociodemographic data variables reported in Canadian intensive care unit studies: a scoping review
Fatima Sheikh1, Karla D Krewulak2, Thérèse G Poulin2
1Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia = Journal Canadien D'Anesthesie
|February 18, 2026
Summary
Canadian intensive care unit (ICU) studies infrequently report crucial social determinants of health (SDoHs). Enhancing data collection on factors like race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status is vital for future health equity research.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Health Services Research
- Health Equity Research
Background:
- Canadian-led intensive care unit (ICU) research is essential for understanding patient outcomes and improving care.
- Sociodemographic variables are critical for identifying and addressing health inequities.
- Current reporting practices in Canadian ICU studies may limit the ability to address health disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize sociodemographic variables reported in Canadian-led ICU studies.
- To identify data collection priorities for future research.
- To inform efforts aimed at addressing health inequities in critical care.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's framework.
- Searched MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL for Canadian-led ICU studies from January 2012 to April 2024.
- Sociodemographic variables were categorized using the PROGRESS-Plus framework.
Main Results:
- Of 409 included studies, most reported age and sex, but few reported gender (19%).
- Race and/or ethnicity were reported in only 11% of studies.
- Place of residence, socioeconomic status, and other key social determinants of health were rarely reported.
Conclusions:
- Canadian-led ICU studies demonstrate significant gaps in reporting essential social determinants of health.
- There is a need for improved and standardized collection and reporting of SDoHs in critical care research.
- Addressing these gaps is crucial for advancing health equity in Canada.
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