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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism01:21

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Polymorphism, Amorphism and Pseudopolymorphism

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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
Some polymorphic crystals possess lower aqueous solubility than their amorphous counterparts, leading to incomplete absorption. For instance, the oral suspension of Chloramphenicol, which...
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Sample Proportion and Population Proportion01:20

Sample Proportion and Population Proportion

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Collecting samples or responses from an entire population takes significant time and effort, so a researcher collects responses from only a sample of that population. Suppose a study needs to collect information about a specific mobile application. After sample collection, the researcher analyzes the data and discovers that most individuals in the sample use that specific mobile application. The sample proportion measures the number of individuals in a sample who either use or don't use the...
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Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
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Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

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The Development of Canonical Proportion as a Function of Community, Multilingualism, and Target Language's Syllable

Kai Jia Tey1, Sarah Walker2, Amanda Seidl3

  • 1Département d'Etudes Cognitives, Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et de Psycholinguistique, ENS, EHESS, CNRS, Paris, France.

Journal of Child Language
|February 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Monolingual children show advanced speech development (canonical proportion) compared to multilingual peers. Language syllable complexity also impacts this development, but community type does not significantly affect speech maturity.

Keywords:
canonical proportioncanonical vocalisationscommunitylanguage developmentlanguage syllable complexitylong-form recordingsmultilingualismspeech development

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Canonical proportion (CP) is a key indicator of speech development.
  • Understanding factors influencing CP is crucial for early identification of developmental trajectories.
  • Existing research often lacks diversity in language and environmental contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the development of canonical proportion (CP) in children across diverse linguistic and environmental settings.
  • To examine the impact of multilingual exposure, language syllable complexity, and community type on CP.
  • To contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of early speech development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Speech Maturity Dataset (SMD) with 366 children aged 0;2-6;4.
  • Analyzed data from 10 different languages and cultures.
  • Compared CP measures based on monolingual vs. multilingual exposure, syllable complexity, and community type.

Main Results:

  • Monolingual children exhibited higher CP measures than multilingual children.
  • Children learning languages with simpler syllable structures showed higher CP.
  • No significant differences in CP trajectory were found between industrialized and non-industrialized communities.

Conclusions:

  • Multilingualism and complex language structures may influence the trajectory of canonical proportion development.
  • Community type does not appear to be a significant factor in CP development.
  • Diversifying participant samples is essential for a nuanced understanding of language development.