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Related Experiment Video

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Biomarkers in an Animal Model for Revealing Neural, Hematologic, and Behavioral Correlates of PTSD
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Circulating Biomarkers of Military-Specific Performance Resilience: A Systematic Review.

Jeroen Van Cutsem1,2, Nicholas H van den Berg3,4, Brendan Flores4,5

  • 1VIPER Research Unit, LIFE Department, Royal Military Academy, Renaissancelaan 30, 1000, Brussels, Belgium. Jeroen.VanCutsem@mil.be.

Current Psychiatry Reports
|February 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Identifying circulating biomarkers for military resilience is crucial for performance. Cortisol, DHEA(S), NPY, and IGF-1 offer insights into physiological flexibility and stress recovery in military personnel.

Keywords:
Circulating biomarkersHardinessPerformanceState resilienceToughnessTrait resilience

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Area of Science:

  • Military science
  • Biomarkers
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Resilience is vital for military personnel facing stressors.
  • Objectively measuring resilience is challenging.
  • Circulating biomarkers offer a potential objective measure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Systematically review literature on circulating biomarkers for military performance resilience.
  • Identify the most promising biomarkers for military resilience.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on circulating biomarkers and military resilience.
  • Analysis of biomarkers including cortisol, DHEA(S), NPY, and IGF-1.
  • Consideration of stressor intensity, duration, military experience, and study methodologies.

Main Results:

  • Cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone (sulfate) [DHEA(S)], neuropeptide-Y (NPY), and Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are key circulating biomarkers.
  • Physiological flexibility, indicated by a controlled biomarker response and quick recovery post-stress, correlates with resilience.
  • Further research is needed to define specific biomarker thresholds and recovery timing.

Conclusions:

  • Specific circulating biomarkers provide a physiological insight into military resilience.
  • Understanding biomarker responses to stressors is key for assessing and enhancing military performance.
  • Standardized measurement of biomarker dynamics is essential for future research.