Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:28

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

Three-dimensional imaging techniques are essential in cell biology, allowing researchers to visualize intricate cellular structures with high resolution. Two prominent methods, Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy (DIC) and Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM), provide distinct advantages for imaging live and thick specimens, respectively.Differential Interference Contrast MicroscopyDIC microscopy enhances contrast in transparent, unstained samples by converting phase...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Single pixel image classification using an ultrafast digital light projector.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Continuous-surface 3D reconstruction from kilometer-range single-photon LiDAR using score-based priors.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Characterization of a Pixel-level Binarized Autocorrelator for Large Array Multispeckle Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy under Photon-starved Conditions.

IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems·2026
Same author

Compensating for photon counting losses in a TCSPC SPAD array enables quantitative time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy imaging.

Methods and applications in fluorescence·2026
Same author

Human activity recognition at a kilometer range using single-photon LiDAR.

Optics express·2026
Same author

A Study of the Avalanche Multiplication and Excess Noise in Al <sub><i>x</i></sub> In<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub> As<sub>γ</sub>Sb<sub>1‑</sub> <sub>γ</sub> Avalanche Photodiodes Lattice-Matched to GaSb.

ACS photonics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy
08:31

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Published on: May 3, 2011

18.9K

Underwater 3D imaging using a single-photon avalanche diode detector array with multi-event time-to-digital

Rui Zhang, Germán Mora Martin, Robert K Henderson

    Optics Express
    |February 20, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel single-photon LiDAR system for fast 3D imaging in turbid waters. Its multi-event time-to-digital converter (METDC) improves underwater imaging speed and efficiency.

    More Related Videos

    Dual Raster-Scanning Photoacoustic Small-Animal Imager for Vascular Visualization
    07:14

    Dual Raster-Scanning Photoacoustic Small-Animal Imager for Vascular Visualization

    Published on: July 15, 2020

    4.6K
    Reefshape: A System for the Efficient Collection and Automated Processing of Time-Series Underwater Photogrammetry Data for Benthic Habitat Monitoring
    13:35

    Reefshape: A System for the Efficient Collection and Automated Processing of Time-Series Underwater Photogrammetry Data for Benthic Habitat Monitoring

    Published on: June 13, 2025

    1.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

    Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy
    08:31

    Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

    Published on: May 3, 2011

    18.9K
    Dual Raster-Scanning Photoacoustic Small-Animal Imager for Vascular Visualization
    07:14

    Dual Raster-Scanning Photoacoustic Small-Animal Imager for Vascular Visualization

    Published on: July 15, 2020

    4.6K
    Reefshape: A System for the Efficient Collection and Automated Processing of Time-Series Underwater Photogrammetry Data for Benthic Habitat Monitoring
    13:35

    Reefshape: A System for the Efficient Collection and Automated Processing of Time-Series Underwater Photogrammetry Data for Benthic Habitat Monitoring

    Published on: June 13, 2025

    1.5K

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Underwater Imaging Technologies
    • Semiconductor Detector Arrays

    Background:

    • Scattering environments like turbid water pose challenges for optical imaging.
    • Traditional LiDAR systems struggle with high backscatter, limiting depth and speed.
    • Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays offer high sensitivity for low-light detection.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a rapid 3D imaging system for challenging underwater environments.
    • To overcome limitations of existing LiDAR systems in scattering media.
    • To enhance the efficiency of single-photon detection in high backscatter conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • A silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) detector array (64x32 macro-pixels) fabricated using CMOS technology.
    • Integration of multi-event time-to-digital converters (METDCs) per macro-pixel for simultaneous multi-photon event acquisition.
    • Time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) in a time-gated mode for selective photon detection.

    Main Results:

    • The single-photon LiDAR system achieved detection up to 6.2 attenuation lengths in a scattering water tank.
    • High-speed 3D imaging was demonstrated with an exposure time of only 1 ms.
    • The multi-event TDC approach enabled 3D image acquisition approximately 50 times faster than previous comparable systems.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed single-photon LiDAR system with METDCs is highly effective for rapid 3D imaging in turbid underwater environments.
    • This technology significantly advances the speed and efficiency of underwater optical imaging.
    • The system demonstrates a substantial improvement over prior SPAD-based LiDAR systems for challenging aquatic conditions.