Diamond nitrogen-vacancy center quantum sensor with light input and electricity output for ultra-high voltage

Diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center quantum magnetic sensors show great potential for high-precision magnetic field measurement, but their complex, bulky discrete systems limit high-voltage electrical applications. This paper designs a compact "optical input-electrical output" sensing probe (3.12cm³) integrating optical excitation, fluorescence collection, and photoelectric conversion. With optimal magnetic sensitivity of 4.92nT/Hz¹/², average 6.5nT/Hz¹/², and low standard deviation (0.8nT/Hz¹/²), it resolves insulation, anti-interference, and power consumption bottlenecks, enabling high-voltage equipment magnetic field monitoring.