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Pharmacist-Led Flu Vaccination Services in Romanian Community Pharmacies: Barriers, Perceptions, and Implementation
Marius Calin Chereches1, Mihaela Simona Naidin2, Alexandra Grosan3
1Marketing, Management and Sustainability Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 20, 2026
Summary
Romanian community pharmacies show willingness for pharmacist-led vaccination but face barriers. Independent pharmacies lack funds, while national chains struggle with staff resistance, indicating a need for tailored implementation strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Public Health
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Pharmacist-led vaccination is a global strategy to improve immunization rates.
- Romania's adoption of these services is nascent, with limited understanding of non-adopting pharmacies.
- This study addresses a knowledge gap by examining barriers in pharmacies not yet offering vaccination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate barriers, perceptions, and readiness for pharmacist-led vaccination in Romanian community pharmacies.
- To identify differences in readiness and challenges among independent pharmacies, regional networks, and national chains.
- To inform policy for successful national implementation of vaccination services.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional mixed-methods study involving 208 pharmacists.
- Quantitative analysis using Chi-square tests and Spearman correlations to assess structural disparities.
- Qualitative thematic analysis to explore professional identity and operational barriers.
Main Results:
- A significant gap exists between the willingness and practical ability of pharmacies to offer vaccination services.
- Independent pharmacies expressed high intent (71.4%) but faced financial constraints (p=0.014).
- National chains had resources but encountered substantial staff reluctance (43.9%, p=0.038) and were concentrated geographically (p=0.002).
Conclusions:
- A segmented policy approach is crucial for expanding pharmacist-led vaccination in Romania.
- Financial support for independent pharmacies and change management for national chains are necessary.
- Addressing pharmacists' professional identity transition is key to overcoming resistance and preventing vaccination deserts.
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