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Detecting Malingered COVID-19 Symptoms Using the Verifiability Approach.

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The Verifiability Approach (VA) effectively distinguishes honest COVID-19 symptom reporters from malingerers. Informing participants about the VA significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy for identifying genuine cases.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Medical Ethics
  • Forensic Science

Background:

  • COVID-19 pandemic raised concerns about malingering, especially as an occupational disease.
  • The Verifiability Approach (VA) is a credibility assessment tool assessing truthfulness based on detail verifiability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the Verifiability Approach (VA) for distinguishing honest COVID-19 infection reporters from malingerers.
  • To assess if informing participants about the VA improves its diagnostic accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • 410 participants completed an online survey.
  • Participants were assigned to honest or malingerer groups, with subgroups informed or not informed about the VA.
  • Honest groups reported prior COVID-19 infection; malingerer groups did not.

Main Results:

  • Informed honest participants provided more verifiable details than uninformed honest participants and malingerers.
  • The number and ratio of verifiable details strongly correlated with honesty when participants were informed about the VA.
  • Informing participants about the VA significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The Verifiability Approach (VA) is valid for distinguishing genuine from feigned health-related symptom reports.
  • Limitations include the online design and lack of factual verification.
  • Future research should explore VA in face-to-face settings and for symptom dissimulation.