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Heart Valves

Heart Valves

The human heart is a complex organ with an intricate system of valves that regulate blood flow. There are two main types of valves: atrioventricular (AV) valves and semilunar valves.
The AV valves prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular contraction. These valves function with the assistance of the chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. When the ventricles are relaxed, the chordae tendineae are slack, allowing blood to flow from the atria into the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 22, 2026

In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease

In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease

Published on: May 27, 2022

A Soft Robotic Model for Simulating Heart Valve Disease and Cardiac Interventions.

James Davies¹, Emanuele Nicotra¹, Kefan Zhu¹

¹School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|February 21, 2026

Summary

Researchers developed a novel soft robotic heart simulator that mimics the heart's complex movements. This biomimetic platform aids in studying heart disease and testing new cardiac therapies.

Keywords:

cardiac catheter cardiac intervention heart simulator heart valve diseases soft robotics

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Last Updated: Feb 22, 2026

In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease

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Published on: February 13, 2021

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Cardiovascular Research
Robotics

Background:

Heart valves are critical for pumping efficiency but prone to pathology.
Minimally invasive procedures are advancing heart disease treatment.
A need exists for accurate biomimetic simulators of cardiac biomechanics and hemodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel, fully synthetic soft robotic left heart simulator.
To create a programmable platform for patient- and disease-specific cardiac models.
To enable evaluation of new cardiac diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.

Main Methods:

Developed a synthetic, soft robotic left heart simulator with programmable fabrication.
Integrated echocardiographic compatibility for pathology identification.
Evaluated a soft robotic cardiac catheter with advanced sensing and control.

Main Results:

The simulator accurately replicates native heart motion and complex cardiac geometries.
Valvular pathologies were identified using clinical criteria via echocardiography.
The platform demonstrated utility in assessing novel cardiac catheter technology.

Conclusions:

The soft robotic heart simulator provides a stable, controllable, and biomimetic platform.
It facilitates investigation of cardiac disease mechanisms and assessment of emerging therapies.
This technology advances the development of new surgical tools and procedures for heart conditions.