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Negative motor areas: functional connectivity using stereoelectroencephalography.

Cristina Ghita1, Irina Oane1, Ioana Mindruta1

  • 1Neurology Department, Medical Faculty, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 8 Eroii Sanitari Boulevard 8, Bucharest, Romania; Epilepsy Monitoring Unit, Neurology Department, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, 169 Splaiul Independentei Street, Bucharest, Romania.

Neuroimage
|February 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study maps the negative motor network, crucial for inhibiting movement, using stereoelectroencephalography in epilepsy patients. The network shows a left-hemisphere dominance, with key hubs in premotor-prefrontal regions.

Keywords:
Cingulate cortexFunctional connectivityNegative motor areasNegative motor networkSEEG

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Negative motor areas are cortical regions that, when stimulated, cause an inability to initiate or sustain voluntary movement.
  • Understanding the negative motor network is crucial for comprehending motor control and planning.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the localization and functional connectivity of this network.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map the localization and functional connectivity of the negative motor network.
  • To identify the key brain regions and hubs involved in negative motor manifestations.
  • To investigate hemispheric asymmetries in the negative motor network.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) in 225 patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
  • Analyzed high-frequency intracranial stimulations in 41 instances eliciting negative motor responses.
  • Assessed functional connectivity using h2 correlation coefficient, intersignal dependencies, and direction of coupling.

Main Results:

  • Negative motor responses were evoked from multiple cortical regions including the supplementary motor area, premotor cortex, and prefrontal cortex.
  • The negative motor network demonstrated an asymmetric representation, broader in the left hemisphere than the right.
  • The premotor-prefrontal region served as the main hub, with the insular cortex and frontal operculum also implicated.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides the first detailed map of the negative motor network using SEEG.
  • Hemispheric asymmetry exists, with a lower stimulation threshold in the left hemisphere.
  • The findings enhance our understanding of motor control and inhibitory processes in the brain.