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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

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Shaping future forests: how can ecophysiology support climate-smart forest management?

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Climate change threatens forests. Understanding ecophysiological responses to heat and drought is crucial for climate-smart forest management and maintaining ecosystem functions.

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Area of Science:

  • Forestry
  • Ecology
  • Climate Change Science

Background:

  • Forests provide vital environmental, social, and economic benefits globally.
  • Climate change, marked by increased extreme events like heat and drought, significantly threatens these benefits.
  • Future climate projections indicate an exacerbation of heat and drought stress on forest ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically assess forest management practices for climate-smart forestry.
  • To understand the ecophysiological mechanisms underlying forest responses to heat and drought.
  • To evaluate how management interventions influence forest resilience to climate change.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of ecophysiological mechanisms driving ecosystem function loss under heat and drought.
  • Exploration of stand-level management interventions (species selection, density, structure, age distribution, nutrient management).
  • Mechanism-based critical assessment of management practices' impact on forest ecophysiology.

Main Results:

  • Heat and drought significantly impair forest ecosystem functioning through specific ecophysiological pathways.
  • Common forest management interventions can have varied positive or negative effects on forest responses to heat and drought.
  • A deeper understanding of these interactions is essential for effective climate-smart forest management.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence-based, climate-smart forest management requires a thorough understanding of ecophysiological responses to climate stressors.
  • Management strategies must be adapted to enhance forest resilience and maintain ecosystem functions under changing climatic conditions.
  • This work provides a foundation for optimizing forest management in the face of climate change.