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Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach for Zygomatic Implant Placement - A Retrospective Study
Guillermo Parisi1,2, Federico Stolbizer1,3, Francisco Arraña3
1Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology II, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery
|February 23, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a new protocol for zygomatic implants (ZI) using surgical guides and local anesthesia. The minimally invasive approach shows low complication rates, improving outcomes for patients with severe maxillary atrophy.
Area of Science:
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Dental Implantology
- Reconstructive Surgery
Background:
- Severe maxillary atrophy presents challenges for traditional dental implants.
- Zygomatic implants (ZI) offer an alternative but historically involved general anesthesia and complications.
- A refined protocol is needed to improve ZI surgery outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel working protocol for zygomatic implant (ZI) placement.
- To evaluate the complication, success, and survival rates of this new protocol.
- To assess the efficacy of a minimally invasive vestibular approach under local anesthesia.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of patients undergoing bilateral ZI surgery (March 2021 - May 2023).
- Utilized precision surgical guides and a minimally invasive vestibular approach.
- Data collected on medical history, implant success, survival, and complications.
Main Results:
- 52 patients received 208 zygomatic implants.
- The primary complication was implant exposure (2.40%), followed by epistaxis (1.44%).
- Average follow-up period was 18 months.
Conclusions:
- The developed protocol, combining surgical guides and a vestibular approach, simplifies ZI insertion.
- This minimally invasive method reduces complication risks.
- Optimized surgical and prosthetic outcomes are achievable with this protocol.
