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Related Concept Videos

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

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The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
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IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

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IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
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IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

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There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

High-definition Fourier Transform Infrared FT-IR Spectroscopic Imaging of Human Tissue Sections towards Improving Pathology
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Investigating Spectral Biomarker Candidates for Migratory Potential in Cancer Cells Using Micro-FTIR and O‑PTIR

Elisabeth Holub1, Nikolaus Hondl1, Kai-Lan Lin2

  • 1Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, 1060, Wien, Austria.

ACS Measurement Science Au
|February 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces Optical Photothermal Infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy for rapid, label-free cancer cell analysis. This advanced technique overcomes limitations of traditional Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, enabling real-time molecular insights.

Keywords:
FTIRO-PTIRinfrared spectroscopymigratory cellsspectral biomarkers

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Area of Science:

  • Biophotonics
  • Spectroscopy
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Current cancer diagnostics rely on time-consuming staining and antibody-based methods, lacking real-time data and molecular information.
  • Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy offers label-free cancer detection but suffers from extensive postprocessing, poor performance in aqueous environments, and limited spatial resolution.
  • There is a critical need for rapid chemical analysis techniques to identify cell migratory properties for improved cancer diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate Optical Photothermal Infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy as a novel method for cancer cell analysis.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional FTIR microspectroscopy, particularly in aqueous environments and for real-time applications.
  • To establish potential infrared (IR) tumor markers and classification models using O-PTIR spectroscopy and machine learning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized machine learning algorithms in conjunction with FTIR microspectroscopy for cell classification.
  • Employed a custom-built O-PTIR instrument for spectroscopic measurement and imaging within microfluidic channels.
  • Compared the performance of the custom O-PTIR instrument against a commercial FTIR microspectrometer.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the capability of O-PTIR spectroscopy to detect local absorption for identifying potential IR tumor markers.
  • Successfully classified cells and analyzed spectral features indicative of cancer and migratory properties.
  • Showcased the O-PTIR instrument's effectiveness in microfluidic channels for spectroscopic analysis.

Conclusions:

  • O-PTIR spectroscopy presents a promising label-free approach for advanced cancer diagnostics, offering real-time molecular information.
  • The developed O-PTIR method overcomes key limitations of traditional FTIR microspectroscopy, enhancing applicability in biological samples.
  • This technique holds potential for developing robust classification models for cancer detection and analysis of cell migratory behavior.