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Labeling DNA Probes

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

The Visual Colorimetric Detection of Multi-nucleotide Polymorphisms on a Pneumatic Droplet Manipulation Platform

The Visual Colorimetric Detection of Multi-nucleotide Polymorphisms on a Pneumatic Droplet Manipulation Platform

Published on: September 27, 2016

Oligonucleotide Selective Detection by Levitated Optomechanics.

Timothy Wilson¹, Owen J L Rackham², Hendrik Ulbricht³

¹School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, United Kingdom.

ACS Nanoscience Au

|February 23, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates detecting oligonucleotide signals using optomechanics. Silica nanoparticles functionalized with DNA sequences showed distinct motion patterns, enabling sensitive detection.

Keywords:

Biosensing Levitated Optomechanics Oligonucleotide Detection Optical Trapping Silica Nanoparticles

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Area of Science:

Optomechanics
Nanotechnology
Molecular Biology
Spectroscopy

Background:

Sensitive detection of specific DNA sequences is crucial for diagnostics and research.
Optomechanical systems offer precise measurement capabilities for nanoscale phenomena.
Functionalizing nanoparticles can enable specific molecular interactions for detection.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of using optomechanical principles for detecting oligonucleotide-specific signals.
To functionalize silica nanoparticles with specific DNA sequences and analyze their behavior in an optical trap.
To develop and validate a method for differentiating functionalized from non-functionalized nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

Silica nanoparticles were functionalized with 25-mer single-stranded deoxyadenosine and deoxythymidine monophosphate.
Functionalized nanoparticles were optically trapped using a 1550 nm laser in a vacuum.
Nanoparticle oscillation frequency and amplitude were detected via optical interferometry and analyzed using Lorentzian curve fitting, dimensionality reduction, and random forest modeling.

Main Results:

Differences in oscillation frequency, width, and amplitude were observed between functionalized and non-functionalized silica nanoparticles.
Spectra analysis revealed distinct patterns for functionalized nanoparticles, explained by a theoretical model.
Dimensionality reduction and random forest modeling successfully differentiated between the particle groups, despite transmission electron microscopy showing no visual differences.

Conclusions:

Optomechanical experiments with functionalized silica nanoparticles can detect oligonucleotide-specific signals.
This approach provides a sensitive method for distinguishing between functionalized and non-functionalized nanoparticles.
The developed platform shows promise for label-free detection of specific nucleic acid sequences.