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A universal framework for the quantum simulation of Yang-Mills theory
Jad C Halimeh1,2,3, Masanori Hanada4,5, Shunji Matsuura6,7,8,9
1Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Garching, Germany.
Communications Physics
|February 23, 2026
Summary
Quantum computers can now simulate complex Yang-Mills gauge theories using a universal orbifold lattice framework. This breakthrough simplifies simulations for arbitrary theories, enabling new physics discoveries.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Computing
- High-Energy Physics
- Computational Physics
Background:
- Classical computers struggle to simulate complex quantum field theories like Yang-Mills gauge theories.
- Existing simulation methods face technical barriers due to diverse group structures and truncation schemes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a universal framework for quantum simulation of Yang-Mills gauge theories.
- To simplify the simulation of theories with arbitrary gauge groups and dimensions.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing the orbifold lattice formulation for a unified approach.
- Reducing all Yang-Mills theories to a common simple Hamiltonian form.
- Implementing simulations using standard quantum gates (controlled-NOT and single-qubit operations).
Main Results:
- Demonstrated a universal framework applicable to Yang-Mills theories with any gauge group and dimension.
- Developed explicit quantum circuits for time evolution algorithms.
- Provided concrete resource estimates for quantum simulations.
Conclusions:
- The orbifold lattice formulation offers a universal and simplified approach to quantum simulation of gauge theories.
- This framework facilitates systematic scaling for larger systems on future fault-tolerant quantum computers.
- Enables the exploration of new physics in strongly interacting systems.
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