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Nonlinear synchronization through vector subharmonic entrainment.

Dmitrii Stoliarov1, Sergey Sergeyev1, Hani Kbashi1

  • 1Aston Institute of Photonics Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.

Communications Physics
|February 23, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrated vector subharmonic entrainment (SHE) in fiber lasers, showing how weak signals can control laser dynamics and polarization states. This nonlinear synchronization offers new methods for mode-locking control.

Keywords:
Fibre lasersMode-locked lasers

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear dynamics
  • Photonics
  • Control engineering

Background:

  • Synchronization is a universal phenomenon with applications in engineering and photonics.
  • Subharmonic entrainment (SHE) is a known synchronization mechanism for scalar couplings, used in stabilizing ultrafast laser pulses.
  • The potential of SHE with vectorial coupling remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate and investigate vector subharmonic entrainment (VSHE) in a passively mode-locked fiber laser.
  • To unveil the mechanism of VSHE, focusing on how weak external signals entrain internal laser dynamics via vector coupling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a passively mode-locked fiber laser as a testbed.
  • Investigated the synchronization between subharmonics of mode-locking-driven oscillations and a continuous wave (CW) signal.
  • Analyzed the evolving state of polarization during VSHE.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated vector subharmonic entrainment (VSHE) in a fiber laser system.
  • Unveiled that weak external signals can entrain internal laser dynamics through vector coupling.
  • Observed VSHE occurring at frequency ratios that are multiples of ten, leading to partially mode-locked operation with evolving polarization states.

Conclusions:

  • Vector SHE provides a novel mechanism for controlling laser dynamics and polarization states.
  • This work opens new avenues for controlling mode-locking regimes and polarization in lasers.
  • Findings offer new control techniques for laser systems through nonlinear synchronization.