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The Effect of N-Alkyl Azole Difluorination on Molecular Properties Relevant for Compound Optimization: A Comparative
Ryan M Herrick1, Samantha A Green2, Sharyl Rich2
1Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
None:
Despite recent interest in N-trifluoromethyl azoles, N-α,α-difluoroalkyl azoles [(azole)N-CF2R] remain understudied and underutilized in medicinal chemistry. To address this deficiency, we have conducted a comparative study of medicinally-relevant properties for a series of (azole)N-CF2R and their nonfluorinated matched molecular pairs (MMPs) that revealed fluorine-induced reductions in azole pK a, hydrophilicity, experimental polar surface area, and metabolic oxidation of a labile vicinal position. Additionally, computational analysis supports the fluorine-induced suppression of metabolic aliphatic oxidation but suggests a limited impact of fluorination on conformational preferences within MMPs. Along with a newly-provided synthetic method to install such a substructure, this information will facilitate rational incorporation of (azole)N-CF2R groups in drug optimization campaigns.
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