Telesurgery: History, Benefits, Deficits, Challenges and Ethical Considerations

Since the conception of robotic surgery, remote telesurgery has been a dream upon which incredible technological advances have been built. These advances have paved the way for the inclusion of telemedicine in surgery, transforming how healthcare is delivered. Telesurgery enables expert surgeons to perform intricate procedures across vast distances using robotic systems and real-time communication technologies. This innovative approach holds immense potential for increasing access to specialized surgical care in underserved and remote areas, reducing costs associated with travel, and enhancing surgical precision and safety. This chapter aims to highlight the history, benefits, deficits, challenges, and ethical considerations of telesurgery, drawing insights from recently published studies and landmark cases in the field. By examining the evolution of telesurgery alongside its applications in trauma management, education, and global health, this chapter underscores the transformative impact of this technology on modern surgical practices. The integration of fifth generation (5G) technology and artificial intelligence (AI) promises to overcome current limitations, opening new frontiers for accessible, efficient, and equitable surgical care worldwide.