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Infants ≤24 weeks are not just smaller extremely preterm infants

Matthew A Rysavy1,2, Angela Kribs3, Johan Ågren4

  • 1UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, USA. matthew.a.rysavy@uth.tmc.edu.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|February 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Intensive care for infants born at 22-24 weeks gestation is a critical issue in neonatal medicine. Research aims to establish evidence-based guidelines for their optimal care, involving family partnerships.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
  • Infant Critical Care

Background:

  • Infants born at 22-24 weeks gestation represent a significant proportion of neonatal intensive care admissions and mortality.
  • This demographic is more common than Down syndrome or critical congenital heart disease.
  • There are significant clinical uncertainties regarding the management of these extremely premature infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the pressing topic of intensive care for infants born at ≤24 weeks' gestation.
  • To develop a sound basis for safe and effective medical care for this vulnerable population.
  • To foster partnerships with families in guiding clinical decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and uncertainties in neonatal-perinatal medicine.
  • Focus on collaborative approaches involving healthcare providers and families.
  • Identification of key areas requiring evidence-based guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Significant uncertainties exist across various aspects of care, including obstetric management, delivery room procedures, incubator care, nutrition, respiratory support, and developmental environment.
  • The need for standardized, evidence-based protocols is highlighted.
  • Family-centered care models are crucial for decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • Establishing evidence-based guidelines is essential for improving the outcomes of infants born at ≤24 weeks' gestation.
  • Collaborative efforts between medical professionals and families are paramount.
  • Further research and consensus are needed to optimize the care of extremely premature infants.

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