Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 25, 2026
04:24
Acupoint Application as a Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment for Fatigue Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Published on: September 5, 2025
1.2K
The EQ-5D-5L and Minimal Important Change in Long COVID
Adam B Smith1, Darren C Greenwood2,3, Ruairidh Milne4
1Academic Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, UK.
Advances in Rehabilitation Science and Practice
|February 24, 2026
Summary
This study established Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) and Minimal Important Difference (MID) values for the EQ-5D-5L in Long COVID (LC) patients. These new metrics aid in interpreting health changes for individuals and in health economic evaluations of LC care.
Area of Science:
- Health Outcomes Research
- Patient-Reported Outcomes
- Longitudinal Health Studies
Background:
- The EQ-5D-5L is a key patient-reported outcome measure for Long COVID (LC).
- Interpreting meaningful change in LC using EQ-5D-5L requires specific metrics.
- Few studies have established LC-specific Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) and Minimal Important Difference (MID) values.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the MCID and MID for the EQ-5D-5L in a Long COVID population.
- To provide LC-specific benchmarks for evaluating patient-reported health changes.
- To enhance the interpretation of EQ-5D-5L data in Long COVID research and clinical practice.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the national LOCOMOTION study in the UK.
- Included 423 Long COVID participants with at least two EQ-5D-5L assessments.
- Derived MCID using 0.5 standard deviation and MID using a 0.2 effect size on EQ-5D-5L scores and VAS.
Main Results:
- MCID estimates for EQ-5D-5L were 0.11 and 10.6 for EQ-5D-5L VAS.
- MID estimate for EQ-5D-5L was 0.03.
- Most participants reported health problems; only 25% showed improvement, with variations based on baseline health and follow-up timing.
Conclusions:
- Established Long COVID-specific MCID and MID values for EQ-5D-5L and EQ-5D VAS.
- These metrics will improve evaluation of meaningful health changes in LC patients.
- Facilitates health economic assessments for LC management, interventions, and rehabilitation programs.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
4.0K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
4.0K
01:27Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies
3.2K
Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Medical History
3.2K
01:17Classification of Illness
9.0K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
9.0K
01:18Factors Affecting Illness
5.5K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
5.5K
01:29Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-V: Management
3.3K
Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a multifaceted approach to reduce symptoms, prevent exacerbations, improve overall health status, and slow disease progression. Key strategies include lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, supportive therapies, and, in some cases, surgery. Here is an overview of the primary COPD management strategies:
Smoking Cessation
Smoking Cessation
3.3K
01:25Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.
3.9K
Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
3.9K