Procedural-Based Contemporary Management of Bell's Palsy Long-Term Sequelae: A Narrative Review

Area of Science:

• Otolaryngology
• Facial Nerve Disorders

Background:

• Bell's palsy, a common cause of facial paralysis, can result in persistent long-term sequelae.
• These sequelae significantly impact patients' quality of life, necessitating specialized management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To delineate the long-term consequences of Bell's palsy.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of current and emerging treatment strategies for Bell's palsy sequelae.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed.
• Keywords included "synkinesis," "selective myectomy," "selective neurectomy," and "botulinum toxin" in the context of "Bell's palsy."
• Preference was given to recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials.

Main Results:

• Long-term Bell's palsy sequelae encompass a range of functional and aesthetic deficits.
• Treatment options include both conservative measures and advanced procedural interventions.
• Emerging therapies like botulinum toxin injections and selective myectomies show promise in managing specific sequelae.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of long-term Bell's palsy sequelae demands a multidisciplinary approach led by facial nerve specialists.
• General otolaryngologists and practitioners must recognize signs warranting referral and be informed about available interventions.
• Prompt referral and informed patient counseling are vital for optimizing outcomes and improving quality of life.