Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching

2.6K
The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
2.6K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.6K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
3.6K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

4.1K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
4.1K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

3.7K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this species into...
3.7K
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

4.0K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
4.0K
Castigliano's Theorem: Problem Solving01:14

Castigliano's Theorem: Problem Solving

1.3K
The deflection of a simply supported beam that carries a central point load can be analyzed using structural mechanics principles, particularly by applying Castigliano's theorem. This theorem relates the displacement at the load application point to the partial derivatives of the strain energy in the structure. The simply supported beam with a point load at its center has symmetric reaction forces at the supports, each bearing half of the load. The bending moment at any point along the beam is...
1.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ultralow Gain-Normalized Dark Current Density in a Colloidal Quantum Dot Avalanche Photodiode with a SACM Architecture.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Robust Quantum Cutting via Halide-Bearing Ligand Passivation and Gradient Halide Reconstruction for Ultrabroadband Ultraviolet-to-Near-Infrared Photodetection and Imaging.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

NiO<sub><i>x</i></sub>/SAM-Mediated Interface Engineering for High-Performance PEA<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>4</sub> Pure-Red Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Mechanoelectrical metamaterials for broad-range, high-sensitivity pressure sensing.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Non-contact laser polishing and reconstruction towards high-efficiency all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Composite Electrodes for Perovskite Solar Cells.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
11:17

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction

Published on: January 19, 2016

23.3K

Chained Materials: Definition, Understandings, and Applications.

Shuaicheng Lu1,2, Kanghua Li3, Liang Wang4

  • 1Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.

Chemical Reviews
|February 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores one-dimensional (1D) chained materials, highlighting their unique crystal structures and properties. It discusses their potential for novel electronic devices, contrasting them with traditional 2D and 3D materials.

More Related Videos

Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components &#8211; Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)
08:29

Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components – Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)

Published on: January 7, 2019

11.9K
A Soft Tooling Process Chain for Injection Molding of a 3D Component with Micro Pillars
05:32

A Soft Tooling Process Chain for Injection Molding of a 3D Component with Micro Pillars

Published on: August 4, 2018

13.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
11:17

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction

Published on: January 19, 2016

23.3K
Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components &#8211; Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)
08:29

Multi-material Ceramic-Based Components – Additive Manufacturing of Black-and-white Zirconia Components by Thermoplastic 3D-Printing (CerAM - T3DP)

Published on: January 7, 2019

11.9K
A Soft Tooling Process Chain for Injection Molding of a 3D Component with Micro Pillars
05:32

A Soft Tooling Process Chain for Injection Molding of a 3D Component with Micro Pillars

Published on: August 4, 2018

13.0K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Crystal structure dictates material properties and applications.
  • One-dimensional (1D) chained materials, composed of atomic chains, are gaining attention for unique properties and device potential.
  • Research on 1D chained materials lags behind systematically studied 3D and 2D materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive understanding of 1D crystal structures and chained material characteristics.
  • To unveil extraordinary properties and innovative opportunities in 1D chained materials.
  • To review the current status of chained materials, focusing on theoretical and experimental studies.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of 1D, 2D, and 3D crystal structures.
  • Discussion of structure features, optoelectronic properties, and growth mechanisms of chained materials.
  • Summarization of applications and advances in chained semiconductor materials.

Main Results:

  • 1D chained materials exhibit unique properties distinct from 2D and 3D counterparts.
  • Theoretical and experimental studies reveal specific structure-property relationships.
  • Key advances in chained semiconductor materials across various applications are identified.

Conclusions:

  • 1D chained materials offer significant potential for novel device applications.
  • Further exploration is needed to fully harness the capabilities of these materials.
  • Future applications of chained semiconductors present exciting innovative opportunities.