Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

883
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
883
Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

Routes of Drug Administration: Overview

9.9K
Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
9.9K
Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

1.3K
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
1.3K
Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

5.1K
Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
5.1K
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

37
Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...
37
Drug Classes and Categories01:25

Drug Classes and Categories

3.2K
Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that possess the ability to eliminate pathogens or suppress their growth and reproduction can be grouped based on the organisms they target or their chemical structure. Furthermore, drugs can be divided into prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substances. Prescription medications, such as antibiotics, require oversight from a licensed healthcare...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Human and Hunting Dog Interactions in the United States: Exploring Potential Transmission Pathways of Zoonotic Diseases and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus.

Veterinary sciences·2026
Same author

Prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and birth outcomes in a pregnancy cohort in Nairobi, Kenya.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Reported impacts and workplace needs of transit operators related to passenger drug misuse on transit vehicles.

Journal of occupational and environmental medicine·2026
Same author

Developmental Associations of Racialized Experiences and Attitudes in the 20s with Health Status Approaching Midlife.

Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities·2026
Same author

Indoor and outdoor fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide concentrations in homes of infants in Nairobi, Kenya.

PLOS global public health·2026
Same author

Noise-induced annoyance and sleep disturbance from military aircraft training.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs
10:13

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs

Published on: November 8, 2024

2.9K

Weather-Related Trends in Drug Use Incidents Aboard Transit Vehicles.

Pranav Srikanth1, Isaac C Rhew2, Edmund Seto3

  • 1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, 4225 Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 100, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA. spranav@uw.edu.

Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
|February 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Drug use incidents on public transit increase during colder weather and shorter daylight hours. This research highlights the link between weather patterns and drug misuse on transit, informing intervention strategies.

Keywords:
Public transitSubstance misuseTemporal trendsWeather-related trends

More Related Videos

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
06:06

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

Published on: February 5, 2018

26.9K
High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

10.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs
10:13

Author Spotlight: An Efficient Methodology to Confidently Differentiate and Characterize Fentanyl Analogs

Published on: November 8, 2024

2.9K
Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
06:06

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

Published on: February 5, 2018

26.9K
High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

10.4K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Transportation Safety
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Concerns exist regarding people who use drugs (PWUD) seeking shelter on transit during inclement weather.
  • Fentanyl misuse trends highlight the need to understand drug use patterns in public spaces.
  • Limited research explores the relationship between weather conditions and drug misuse on transit vehicles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between weather conditions and drug use incidents on public transit.
  • To test the hypothesis that reduced daylight, low temperatures, high precipitation, or high winds correlate with increased drug use incidents.
  • To inform targeted interventions for transit safety.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1518 drug use incidents reported by transit operators in King County, Washington, in 2022.
  • Descriptive characterization of daily drug use incident frequency.
  • Poisson regression modeling to assess the association between daily incident counts and weather patterns (temperature, daylight hours, precipitation, wind speed).

Main Results:

  • Drug use incidents on transit exhibited clear temporal trends, peaking in winter and spring (April: 7.3 incidents/day).
  • Higher temperatures were significantly associated with lower incident counts (IRR: 0.96).
  • Increased daylight hours were significantly associated with higher incident counts (IRR: 1.14).

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the hypothesis that drug use incidents on transit are more frequent during colder weather.
  • Weather patterns, specifically temperature and daylight, are significant factors influencing drug use on transit.
  • Results can guide the deployment of timely interventions to mitigate drug use on transit and reduce exposure risks.