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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...

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An Exploratory Statistical Shape Modeling Analysis of Three-Dimensional Foot Alignment in Female Patients With

Takuma Miyamoto1,2, Rich J Lisonbee1, Kassidy Knutson1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research
|February 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) in women involves complex 3D foot alignment changes. The Lisfranc joint deformity occurs in the opposite direction to the subtalar and Chopart joints.

Keywords:
3D foot alignmentflatfootprogressive collapsing foot deformitystatistical shape model

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomechanical engineering
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) is a complex condition with higher prevalence in women.
  • Previous studies often focused on single joints and combined sexes, leaving female-specific multi-joint relationships unassessed.
  • Understanding 3D foot alignment variations in women with PCFD is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate 3D foot alignment variations in women with PCFD.
  • To compare the morphology of female PCFD patients with asymptomatic controls.
  • To utilize a multi-domain statistical shape model (SSM) for detailed analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a multi-domain SSM using simulated weight-bearing computed tomography (SW-CT) data.
  • Analyzed 3D alignment of multiple foot bones, including distal tibia, fibula, talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, cuneiforms, and metatarsals.
  • Compared SSM results between 23 female PCFD patients and 23 asymptomatic female controls.

Main Results:

  • Chopart, subtalar, and Lisfranc joints exhibited dorsiflexion and abduction.
  • Chopart and subtalar joints were inverted, while the Lisfranc joint was everted.
  • Lisfranc joint deformity occurred in the opposite direction to subtalar and Chopart joint deformities.

Conclusions:

  • A multi-domain SSM from SW-CT offers a novel approach to understanding PCFD pathophysiology.
  • In PCFD, subtalar and Chopart joints show coordinated changes, contrasting with Lisfranc joint variations.
  • The talonavicular joint exhibits medial, fan-like spreading in PCFD patients.