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Digital Literacy and Heart Failure Self-Care in Older Patients and Their Caregivers: Dyadic Analysis Using the
Hokon Kim1, Misook L Chung2, Yeon Soo Jang1,3
1College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
JMIR Aging
|February 25, 2026
Summary
Digital literacy impacts heart failure (HF) self-care, especially symptom perception, for both patients and caregivers. Interventions should target individual digital skills, as no cross-partner effects were found in dyads.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Digital Health
- Cardiovascular Nursing
Background:
- Aging populations face rising heart failure (HF) prevalence, necessitating effective self-care.
- Family caregivers play a crucial role in supporting HF self-care behaviors.
- Digital health tools are increasingly used for HF management, but adoption challenges exist for older adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- Compare digital literacy between older heart failure patients and their caregivers.
- Examine the influence of digital literacy on heart failure self-care behaviors within patient-caregiver dyads.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 102 heart failure patient-caregiver dyads.
- Assessed digital literacy using the Everyday Digital Literacy Questionnaire (EDLQ).
- Measured heart failure self-care using the Self-care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) and Caregiver Contribution to Self-care of Heart Failure Index (CCSCHFI).
- Analyzed dyadic associations using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM).
Main Results:
- Patients (mean age 79.4) had lower digital literacy than caregivers (mean age 59.0).
- Digital literacy significantly impacted patients' and caregivers' symptom perception (actor effects).
- Digital literacy significantly impacted patients' self-care management (actor effect); no significant partner effects were observed.
Conclusions:
- Individual digital literacy is key for heart failure self-care, particularly symptom perception.
- Digital health interventions should address distinct patient and caregiver digital skills.
- Dyad-focused strategies considering individual digital literacy are essential for optimizing HF outcomes in older adults.
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