Reliability and Validity of the Turkish BIQ-C and AAI for Assessing Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptoms

This study aimed to translate the Body Image Questionnaire-Child and Adolescent Version (BIQ-C) and the Appearance Anxiety Inventory (AAI) into Turkish and evaluate their psychometric properties in adolescents and young adults. A total of 192 participants aged 11-20 years were recruited from child and adolescent psychiatry and dermatology clinics. After a forward-backward translation procedure, participants completed the BIQ-C, AAI, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale modified for BDD (BDD-YBOCS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and PedsQL.Exploratory factor analysis supported a three-factor structure for the BIQ-C and a unidimensional structure for the AAI. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit for the BIQ-C (CFI = 0.975, RMSEA = 0.038) and an acceptable fit for the AAI (CFI = 0.918, RMSEA = 0.102). Internal consistency was acceptable for the BIQ-C (α = 0.75) and good for the AAI (α = 0.88). Test-retest reliability was moderate for the BIQ-C (r = 0.59) but low for the AAI (r = 0.36). Both measures correlated positively with each other and BDD-YBOCS, and negatively with quality-of-life, supporting validity.Findings suggest that the Turkish BIQ-C and AAI are reliable tools for assessing body image concerns and BDD symptoms, though the AAI may be more sensitive to symptom fluctuations.