The GPR120 as a novel predictive and diagnostic marker for preeclampsia in the first trimester

This study aimed to determine if there was a change in serum G protein-coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) level and develop a nomogram model that accurately predicted the risk of preeclampsia (PE) in the first trimester.

A total of 250 pregnant women were included in our prospective cohort study from January 2023 to July 2024. We measured the level of GPR120, and maternal demographics and clinical features were retrieved. Optimization of variable selection was achieved. We developed a nomogram based on multivariate logistic regression to predict the risk of pulmonary embolism (PE), incorporating eight selected predictive indicators. The AUC and calibration plots were utilized to assess the discrimination and calibration of the nomogram. For assessing the clinical advantages and usefulness of the two prediction models, the DCA, IDI, and NRI were utilized.

The GPR120 expression level in the first trimester was significantly elevated in women who later developed PE (P < 0.001). The nomogram demonstrated excellent discriminatory power in predicting PE in both the training and validation cohort. Calibration of the nomogram remained satisfactory in both the training and validation cohorts. The NRI values and IDI demonstrated that the performance of the developed nomogram was remarkably superior to that of the Model 2 (P < 0.05). The nomogram's clinical usefulness was validated by the DCA.

GPR120 expression is significantly increased in early pregnancy of PE patients. The nomogram exhibited predictive capability for PE development but needs larger, multicenter cohorts for validation.