AI for Scientific Discovery in Omics Data-Driven Precision Medicine

In recent years, the rapid advancement of high-throughput technologies has led to the generation of vast and complex multi-omics datasets that are valuable for characterizing and understanding complex cell signaling network systems. On the other hand, large language models (LLMs), domain-specific foundation models (FMs) and AI agents, have achieved significant breakthroughs and have been revolutionizing scientific research. The convergence of these two trends is catalyzing a new era for biomedical research to augment and speed up scientific discovery and the development of precision medicine. In this study, we examine the large-scale omics datasets, emerging applications, and challenges at the intersection of massive omic datasets and related AI models and agents, highlighting how their integration is reshaping the landscape of biomedical research and precision medicine.