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Marjolin Ulcer Developed in Osteomyelitis Fistula: A Rare Clinical Entity That Should Not Be Overlooked
Berna Aksoy1, Hasan Mete Aksoy2, Ercan Karacaoğlu3
1Department of Dermatology, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Advances in Skin & Wound Care
|February 26, 2026
Summary
Marjolin ulcer, a rare skin cancer, can develop in chronic wounds, such as osteomyelitis fistulas. Early recognition and biopsy are crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment of this malignant transformation.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Dermatology
- Pathology
Background:
- Marjolin ulcer refers to malignant transformation in chronic wounds or scars.
- Chronic wounds, especially those with osteomyelitis, pose a risk for developing squamous cell carcinoma.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the risk of cancerization in chronic, non-healing wounds.
- To emphasize the importance of suspecting Marjolin ulcer in persistent wound cases.
Main Methods:
- Case presentation of a patient with a 33-year-old chronic leg wound.
- Histopathologic examination of wound debridement revealing squamous cell carcinoma.
Main Results:
- Invasive squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in a chronic osteomyelitis fistula.
- The patient presented with a nonhealing wound after a 33-year accident.
Conclusions:
- Clinicians must consider Marjolin ulcer in chronic wounds that fail to heal.
- Biopsy is vital for diagnosing malignancy in non-healing ulcers, particularly those with rolled edges or excessive granulation tissue.
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