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Structural, Swelling, and In Vitro Digestion Behavior of DEGDA-Crosslinked Semi-IPN Dextran/Inulin Hydrogels.

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Biodegradable dextran/inulin hydrogels show promise for colon-specific drug delivery. These semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) effectively encapsulate antitumor compounds like uracil, releasing them controllably in the intestine.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science: Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences: Drug Delivery Systems
  • Biotechnology: Hydrogel Synthesis and Characterization

Background:

  • Colon-specific drug delivery is crucial for treating colorectal diseases and enhancing the efficacy of certain medications.
  • Biodegradable hydrogels offer potential as carriers for targeted drug release due to their biocompatibility and tunable properties.
  • Semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPNs) combine properties of different polymers, potentially leading to improved network stability and drug loading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogels using methacrylated dextran and inulin.
  • To evaluate these hydrogels as biodegradable carriers for the colon-specific delivery of uracil, a model antitumor compound.
  • To investigate the effect of varying crosslinking densities on the structural, thermal, swelling, and drug release properties of the hydrogels.

Main Methods:

  • Hydrogel synthesis via free-radical polymerization using diethylene glycol diacrylate (DEGDA) as a crosslinker at 5, 7.5, and 10 wt%.
  • Characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  • Evaluation of swelling kinetics, gel fraction, uracil encapsulation efficiency, in vitro gastrointestinal release, and antimicrobial activity.

Main Results:

  • FTIR confirmed successful crosslinking and uracil incorporation via hydrogen bonding; DSC showed increased glass transition temperature with higher crosslinking.
  • Swelling studies indicated stable network formation with high gel fractions and relaxation-controlled kinetics; SEM revealed morphology dependent on crosslinking.
  • High uracil encapsulation efficiencies (>86%) were achieved, increasing with crosslinker content; in vitro studies showed minimal gastric release and controlled intestinal release governed by crosslinking density.

Conclusions:

  • Diethylene glycol diacrylate-crosslinked dextran/inulin semi-IPN hydrogels demonstrate robust network formation and tunable properties.
  • These hydrogels exhibit excellent encapsulation efficiency and controlled release profiles suitable for colon-specific drug delivery.
  • The developed semi-IPN hydrogels show significant potential as carriers for colon-targeted delivery of antitumor agents like uracil.