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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

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Development of Biological-Window-Active Au Open-Shell Nanoparticles with High-Sensitivity Surface-Enhanced Raman

Kosuke Sugawa1, Yuka Hori2, Azusa Onozato1

  • 1Department of Materials and Applied Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Nihon University, Chiyoda 101-8308, Tokyo, Japan.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed gold open-shell nanoparticles (AuOSNs) for near-infrared (NIR) imaging. These biocompatible nanoparticles show strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity, enabling cellular visualization without toxic surfactants.

Keywords:
bioimaginglocalized surface plasmonnanoshellsopen-shell nanostructuressurface-enhanced Raman scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Anisotropic gold nanostructures are crucial for diagnostic and therapeutic nanotechnologies.
  • Localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonances in the near-infrared (NIR) biological window are of significant interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop gold open-shell nanoparticles (AuOSNs) with strong NIR SERS activity.
  • To create a biocompatible and surfactant-free platform for SERS sensing and cellular imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of AuOSNs using a surfactant-free strategy combining bottom-up silica sphere assembly and top-down gold deposition.
  • Boundary element method (BEM) simulations to analyze electromagnetic field localization.
  • Characterization of LSP resonance and SERS activity of AuOSNs modified with 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG).

Main Results:

  • AuOSNs exhibited strong NIR LSP resonances near the opening edges, with a peak at ~793 nm.
  • AuOSNs modified with 4-MBA showed high SERS enhancement factors (~10^6).
  • PEG-modified AuOSNs demonstrated negligible cytotoxicity and enabled SERS imaging of HeLa cells.

Conclusions:

  • Surfactant-free AuOSNs offer a biocompatible platform for NIR-excited SERS sensing.
  • AuOSNs show significant potential for plasmonic bioimaging applications.
  • The symmetry-broken nanoshell architecture effectively induces NIR LSP resonances for enhanced SERS activity.