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Updated: Feb 27, 2026
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Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
Published on: September 20, 2020
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The association between working memory and jumping to conclusions: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ashley Grant1, Michael Ben Yehuda1, Hannah Tran1
1Department of Psychology, University of Bath.
Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science
|February 26, 2026
Summary
Working memory is significantly associated with jumping to conclusions (JTC), a reasoning bias linked to delusions. This meta-analysis synthesizes research, confirming a small but significant link between impaired working memory and JTC tendencies.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Psychopathology
Background:
- Jumping to conclusions (JTC) is a reasoning bias associated with delusions.
- The role of working memory in JTC requires synthesis.
- Previous research has explored the link between working memory and JTC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the association between working memory and JTC.
- To quantify the relationship using correlational and comparative studies.
- To investigate potential moderators such as clinical status and task difficulty.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and two multilevel meta-analyses.
- Inclusion of 23 studies with 2,058 participants.
- Meta-regressions to test for moderation effects.
Main Results:
- A small but significant positive association between working memory and JTC was found in correlational studies (Fisher's z = 0.16).
- Significantly lower working memory performance was observed in individuals with JTC biases compared to those without (Hedges' g = -0.43).
- Inconclusive evidence for moderation by clinical status or task difficulty.
Conclusions:
- Working memory impairment is a significant factor associated with jumping to conclusions.
- The findings support the link between cognitive processes and reasoning biases.
- Limitations include heterogeneity in JTC operationalization and measurement, impacting statistical power.
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