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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus RSV Micro-neutralization Assay
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Burden of RSV-Associated Inpatient Care and Emergency Service Utilization in Two German Pediatric Centers Across Six

Lisa Gürke1, Gregor Hanslik1, Linda-Marie Mulzer1

  • 1Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Universal immunoprophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) appears to reduce infant hospitalizations and emergency department visits. Real-world data show no increase in disease severity among immunized infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of infant respiratory illness.
  • Limited real-world data exist on healthcare utilization after widespread RSV immunoprophylaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate healthcare utilization and disease severity in infants following the introduction of universal RSV immunoprophylaxis.
  • To analyze trends in RSV-related hospitalizations and emergency department visits.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of RSV-positive inpatient and emergency department encounters.
  • Data collected from two German tertiary pediatric centers over six RSV seasons (2019/20-2024/25).
  • Inclusion of immunization status and severity metrics for infants.

Main Results:

  • RSV hospitalizations decreased in the post-immunization season (2024/25) compared to pre-immunization seasons.
  • A smaller proportion of infants under one year were hospitalized in the 2024/25 season.
  • All severe cases in infants under one year occurred in unimmunized infants; no severe outcomes were seen in immunized infants.

Conclusions:

  • Multicenter data suggest a reduced burden of RSV hospitalizations after immunoprophylaxis introduction.
  • No evidence of increased RSV disease severity was observed in the studied population.
  • Immunoprophylaxis appears effective in mitigating severe RSV outcomes in infants.

Keywords:
emergency department (ED) utilizationinfant immunoprophylaxis (Nirsevimab)pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) burdenrespiratory syncytial virus (RSV)severe pediatric respiratory infection

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