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IL-18-Mediated Tumor Immune Evasion.
Shuai Li1, Chenxia Gao1, Hongyu Zhao1
1School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, China.
Current Issues in Molecular Biology
|February 27, 2026
Summary
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) plays a dual role in cancer immune evasion, influenced by the tumor microenvironment. Understanding IL-18
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cancer's immune evasion is driven by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME).
- Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a key cytokine regulating immune responses, antagonized by IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP).
- IL-18's function in tumors is context-dependent, varying with cancer type, stage, and TME signaling.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the mechanisms of IL-18 in tumor immune evasion.
- To analyze IL-18's context-dependent effects and heterogeneity in cancer.
- To identify clinical translation challenges and propose IL-18-based precision treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of IL-18 action modes in tumor immune evasion.
- Analysis of IL-18 core regulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways.
- Evaluation of heterogeneity patterns and clinical translation obstacles.
Main Results:
- IL-18 exhibits context-dependent immunoregulatory roles in tumor progression.
- The TME significantly influences IL-18's function and impact on immune evasion.
- Heterogeneity in IL-18 effects poses challenges for clinical application.
Conclusions:
- IL-18's complex role in immune evasion necessitates a deeper understanding for effective cancer therapy.
- Targeting IL-18 pathways offers potential for novel precision cancer treatments.
- Overcoming clinical translation barriers is crucial for leveraging IL-18 in cancer management.
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