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Related Concept Videos

Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

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Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
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Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
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Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
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In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
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Operational amplifiers (op-amp) are used in signal conditioning, filtering, or for performing mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, integration, and differentiation. The frequency response of an op-amp is an important aspect that describes how the gain of the amplifier varies with frequency.
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Glass-Based Half-Mode SIW Bandpass Filter with Negative Coupling Structure.

Chen Shi1, Wenlei Li1,2, Jihua Zhang1,2

  • 13D Chips (Guangdong) Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523808, China.

Micromachines
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel millimeter-wave filter using glass technology for high selectivity. The new design enables precise control over signal coupling, crucial for advanced communication systems.

Keywords:
half-mode substrate integrated waveguidemillimeter-wave filternegative couplingthrough glass viatransmission zeros

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technology offers advantages in miniaturization and integration for microwave circuits.
  • Traditional printed circuit board (PCB) limitations hinder SIW operation at higher frequencies.
  • Achieving high selectivity and specific filter responses like quasi-elliptic functions is challenging at millimeter-wave frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel millimeter-wave half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) filter.
  • To introduce a negative coupling structure for achieving a quasi-elliptic function response.
  • To demonstrate the effectiveness of through glass via (TGV) technology for high-frequency SIW applications.

Main Methods:

  • Design and simulation of a novel negative coupling structure for HMSIW cavities.
  • Investigation of the coupling mechanism and its effect on transmission zeros.
  • Fabrication and measurement of a fourth-order bandpass filter prototype using glass-based TGV technology.

Main Results:

  • The proposed negative coupling structure allows flexible adjustment of coupling between HMSIW cavities.
  • The fabricated filter exhibited good matching and validated the proposed topology.
  • The glass-based process enabled higher operating frequencies compared to traditional PCBs.

Conclusions:

  • The developed glass-based negative coupling structure is effective for realizing SIW filters with quasi-elliptic responses.
  • The TGV technology is suitable for high-precision SIW filter fabrication at millimeter-wave frequencies.
  • This approach shows promise for advanced filter designs in millimeter-wave applications.