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Training-Fuel Coupling (TFC): A Molecular Sports Nutrition Framework for Energy Availability, Chrono-Nutrition, and

Mirela Stoian1, Dan Cristian Mănescu2

  • 1Faculty of AgriFood and Environmental Economics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania.

Nutrients
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Training-Fuel Coupling (TFC) is a new framework explaining how nutrient timing and availability influence athletic adaptation. It highlights how energy levels modulate key molecular pathways for optimal performance and recovery.

Keywords:
AMPK–mTOR signalingRED-Schrono-nutritionenergy availabilitymolecular nutritionnutritional periodizationperformance optimizationsports nutrition

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