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Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...

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Harnessing Folate-Mediated PSMA Targeting for Precision Therapy: An Intelligent Liposomal Nanoplatform Against

Youlong Hai^1,2, Jiayi Ma¹, Xuehao Yu³

¹Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.

|February 27, 2026

Summary

A new folate-modified nanoliposome targets prostate cancer cells by binding to PSMA, improving docetaxel delivery and reducing tumor growth. This precision nanomedicine shows promise for effective prostate cancer chemotherapy with good safety.

Keywords:

PSMA docetaxel nanoliposome prostate cancer targeted drug delivery

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Area of Science:

Nanomedicine
Oncology
Drug Delivery

Background:

Prostate cancer chemotherapy faces challenges with tumor selectivity and systemic toxicity.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a highly expressed target on prostate cancer cells for precision drug delivery.
Targeted nanocarriers can enhance drug efficacy and reduce side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a folate-modified, PSMA-targeting nanoliposome loaded with docetaxel (DFL) for enhanced prostate cancer treatment.
To assess the specificity, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and antitumor efficacy of DFL.
To investigate the safety and biocompatibility of DFL in preclinical models.

Main Methods:

DFL was prepared and characterized using physicochemical analyses.
Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity were assessed in PSMA-high LNCaP cells, with PSMA knockdown confirming target-dependent internalization.
Antitumor efficacy was evaluated in a 3D microfluidic system and LNCaP xenograft nude mice, alongside safety assessments of hepatic and renal biomarkers and histopathology.

Main Results:

DFL exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and significantly enhanced cellular uptake and cytotoxicity in LNCaP cells.
PSMA-dependent internalization was confirmed, and a 3D microfluidic platform demonstrated robust, selective DFL uptake under dynamic flow.
In vivo, DFL significantly inhibited tumor progression (reducing volume and weight by >50%), increased apoptosis, and demonstrated favorable safety profiles with no significant organ toxicity.

Conclusions:

A folate-modified, PSMA-targeting docetaxel nanoliposome (DFL) was successfully developed.
DFL demonstrated enhanced tumor-specific drug delivery, improved antitumor activity, and favorable biocompatibility in preclinical models.
DFL represents a promising nanomedicine strategy for precision chemotherapy of prostate cancer.