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High-Frame-Rate Low-Noise Global Shutter CMOS Image Sensor for High-Speed Machine Vision.

Abhinav Agarwal¹, Jatin Hansrani¹, Kazuhisa Suzuki²

¹Forza Silicon (AMETEK Inc.), Pasadena, CA 91107, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|February 27, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This paper introduces a new global shutter CMOS image sensor for high-speed machine vision. It achieves ultra-high definition resolution at high frame rates with low noise and power consumption.

Keywords:

CMOS image sensor (CIS)backside-illuminated (BSI) sensor correlated double sampling (CDS)global shutter pixel high-speed machine vision industrial and scientific imaging applications low-noise sensor design serializer-deserializer (SerDes) interface ultra-high frame rate imaging voltage-domain global shutter (VDGS)

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Area of Science:

Electronics
Computer Vision
Sensor Technology

Background:

Machine vision applications demand high-resolution, high-frame-rate image sensors.
Existing sensors often face limitations in speed, noise, or power consumption for demanding tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel global shutter CMOS image sensor optimized for high-speed machine vision.
To detail the sensor's performance characteristics, including frame rate, resolution, noise, and power consumption.

Main Methods:

Developed a 5 µm voltage-domain global shutter pixel with dual-gain capability.
Fabricated the sensor using a 65 nm, four-metal Back-Side Illumination (BSI) process.
Implemented 16 CML data ports for high-speed video streaming.

Main Results:

Achieved UHD resolution (3840 × 2160) with frame rates up to 1141 FPS (12-bit) and 1694 FPS (8-bit).
Measured low read noise: 3.04 e⁻ (global shutter) and 2.15 e⁻ (rolling shutter).
Total power consumption is 5.5 W with an aggregate throughput of 119 Gbps.

Conclusions:

The ForzaFAST581 sensor meets the demanding requirements of high-speed machine vision.
Its combination of high frame rate, low noise, and power efficiency makes it suitable for advanced applications.
Selectable bit depths allow for application-specific frame rate optimization.