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Can Deep Learning Identify Early Chinese Ceramics Using Only 2D Images?

Ang Bian1,2, Wei Wang2,3, Andreas Nienkötter2,4

  • 1School of Computer and Software Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610000, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep learning models can accurately identify visual features of ancient Chinese ceramics from images. While dating ceramics remains challenging, AI shows potential for uncovering historical patterns in ceramic evolution.

Keywords:
ceramic datingceramic feature recognitiondeep learningearly Chinese ceramic identification

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Area of Science:

  • Archaeology
  • Art History
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Early Chinese ceramics are vital for understanding historical developments.
  • Deep learning offers new possibilities for analyzing historical artifacts like ceramics.
  • Identifying and dating ceramics often requires specialized domain knowledge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of deep learning in identifying early Chinese ceramics using 2D images.
  • To assess the performance of state-of-the-art neural networks on ceramic visual feature recognition and dating.
  • To develop a class-imbalance learning strategy for multi-label ceramic identification tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Collected a diverse dataset of ancient Chinese ceramics spanning 15 dynasties.
  • Utilized five state-of-the-art neural networks for analysis.
  • Implemented a class-imbalance learning strategy to address dataset biases.
  • Evaluated models on ceramic visual feature recognition and dating tasks.

Main Results:

  • Deep learning models achieved high accuracy in recognizing visual features like glaze and shape.
  • Ceramic dating was feasible for major dynasties but challenging overall.
  • Cultural and artistic continuity can lead to misclassifications in dating.
  • AI demonstrated potential in identifying unlabeled, time-relevant features.

Conclusions:

  • Deep learning is effective for visual feature recognition of early Chinese ceramics.
  • AI shows promise for dating ceramics, though challenges remain.
  • AI can aid in understanding the evolution and inheritance of ceramic styles.
  • Further research can leverage AI to uncover hidden patterns in historical artifacts.